How to Handle Exceptions and Build Custom Exceptions in FastAPI
In this essential FastAPI tutorial, we dive into exception handling — a critical part of building robust and production-ready web APIs. FastAPI provides powerful tools for managing errors gracefully, allowing you to deliver meaningful error messages and HTTP responses to your users.
You’ll learn how to catch and raise exceptions using built-in tools like HTTPException, and how to create your own custom exception classes with personalized responses and status codes.
What You’ll Learn:
What is exception handling and why it matters in API development
How to raise built-in HTTPException with custom status codes and messages
How to build and use custom exception classes
Using @app.exception_handler() to define global custom exception handlers
Returning structured JSON error responses
How to handle RequestValidationError and ValueError in a user-friendly way
Tips for logging errors and debugging
Real-world examples like catching unauthorized access, missing records, and invalid input
Why Exception Handling Is Important:
Proper error handling is key to a great user experience and secure API development. Instead of generic 500 Internal Server Errors, you can provide descriptive and controlled responses. Whether you're dealing with user authentication, data validation, or custom business logic errors — you’ll need to gracefully handle what goes wrong.
You’ll also see how to prevent sensitive information from being leaked to the client and how to keep error responses consistent across your API.
Who Is This For?
FastAPI beginners looking to level up
Intermediate Python web developers
Backend engineers building real-world APIs
Anyone interested in building reliable, scalable APIs
Developers transitioning from Flask or Django to FastAPI
Tools & Tech:
FastAPI
Python 3.10+
Uvicorn (for running the app)
HTTPException, Request, status module
Custom Exception Classes
Make your FastAPI app smarter, safer, and easier to debug with proper exception handling!
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