Power Factor Correction (PFC) Circuit – I | Boost PFC | AC–DC Converter | Electric Vehicles | Lecture 11

Power Factor Correction (PFC) is an essential stage in modern electric vehicle battery chargers, ensuring that power is drawn from the utility grid with high efficiency, low harmonic distortion, and near-unity power factor. In this lecture, we begin the study of Power Factor Correction (PFC) by examining the limitations of conventional AC–DC converters and introducing the Boost PFC converter, which has become the preferred topology for EV charging applications.

The lecture starts with a review of Dual Active Bridge (DAB) modulation techniques, including Single Phase Shift (SPS), Extended Phase Shift (EPS), and Dual Phase Shift (DPS), highlighting their advantages and limitations. It then explains the operation of a diode bridge rectifier with and without a capacitive filter, demonstrating how conventional rectifiers produce distorted input current, poor power factor, and high Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), thereby motivating the need for Power Factor Correction.

Finally, the lecture introduces the Boost Power Factor Correction (Boost PFC) converter, explains its operating principle, derives the variable duty ratio required to shape the input current, and presents the fundamentals of inductor sizing for continuous current operation. These concepts provide the foundation for the design and analysis of high-performance front-end converters used in electric vehicle charging systems.

Topics Covered

Review of Dual Active Bridge (DAB) Modulation Techniques
Single Phase Shift (SPS), Extended Phase Shift (EPS), and Dual Phase Shift (DPS)
EV Charger Front-End Architecture
AC–DC Diode Bridge Rectifier
Capacitive Filter Operation
Power Factor and Total Harmonic Distortion (THD)
Limitations of Conventional Rectifiers
Need for Power Factor Correction (PFC)
Boost PFC Converter Topology
Variable Duty Ratio Derivation
Inductor Design for Boost PFC Converter

Who Should Watch?

B.Tech. and M.Tech. students
Power Electronics learners
Electric Vehicle enthusiasts
GATE and ESE aspirants
Researchers working on EV charging systems
Engineers designing AC–DC converters and battery chargers

Recommended References

D. W. Hart, Power Electronics, McGraw-Hill, 2011.
P. S. Bimbhra, Power Electronics, 5th Edition, Khanna Publishers, 2012.
I. Husain, Electric and Hybrid Vehicles: Design Fundamentals, 3rd Edition, CRC Press, 2021.

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