This lecture introduces Walter Gropius (1883–1969) as a key figure in modern architecture and the founder of the Bauhaus School (1919, Germany), one of the most influential design schools of the 20th century. It explains how the Bauhaus emerged in response to the decline in aesthetic quality after the Industrial Revolution and the Great Exhibition of 1851, when mass production prioritized quantity over craftsmanship. While movements like Arts and Crafts rejected machines, Gropius and the Bauhaus took a different approach OF embracing industrial production but combining it with aesthetic quality under the motto “Art and technology – a new unity”. The lecture highlights how Bauhaus integrated art, craft, architecture, and industry into a unified educational philosophy, introducing studio-based, interdisciplinary teaching that combined workshops with theory. It promoted functionalism, minimalism, clean geometry, and the honest use of materials such as steel, glass, and concrete, shaping the rise of the International Style. Through works like the Fagus Factory and the Bauhaus Building at Dessau, Gropius demonstrated open plans, glass façades, exposed structure, and integration of light and space.