This lecture introduces systems thinking in environmental planning through causal loop diagrams and real-world case studies. It explains trophic cascades and feedback mechanisms using the Yellowstone wolf reintroduction and river restoration example. The lecture highlights the need for Environmental Planning and Management (EPM), including EIA, LCA, EMS, and sustainability frameworks. Through national and global case studies, it emphasizes informed decision-making for long-term environmental and societal well-being.

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